Dutch researcher Geert Hofstede has examined the cultural dimensions of organizational behavior in 40 countries. The United States ranked the highest in which dimension?
A. Power distance.
B. Uncertainty avoidance.
C. Individualism.
D. Masculinity.
At the introduction stage of an innovative product, the profit growth is normally slow due to
A. Expensive sales promotion.
B. High competition.
C. A mass market.
D. Available alternatives.
Timing of entry into an emerging industry is a critical choice. Pioneering firms face high risk but low barriers. Which of the following is not a factor that favors early entry?
A. The bases of competition and market segments will change.
B. The learning curve advantage will persist.
C. Customer loyalty will be high.
D. Cost advantages can be secured.
Which of the following scenarios illustrates an organization that has become out of balance by focusing too much on efficiency rather than effectiveness?
A. The job is not completed and resources are wasted.
B. The job is completed but resources are wasted.
C. The job is not completed but resources are not wasted.
D. The job is completed and resources are not wasted.
If the price elasticity of demand for a normal good is estimated to be 2.5, a 5% reduction in its price causes:
A. Total revenue to fall by 5%.
B. Total revenue to fall by 12.5%.
C. Quantity demanded to rise by 12.5%.
D. Quantity demanded to decrease by 5%.
All of the following statements about communication are true except:
A. Written communication inhibits feedback.
B. Managers spend more of their workday involved in oral communication than written communication.
C. Written communication provides a permanent record.
D. Written communication is usually better when the message is non-routine and personal.
Which of the following perceptual errors is the tendency for one party to attribute his/her traits to the other party when communicating?
A. Expectancy.
B. Projection.
C. The halo effect.
D. Stereotyping.
Which of the following is a benefit of implementing an electronic communication system?
A. Relatively low capital expenditures are required.
B. The company's comparative advantage over smaller firms that cannot afford such a system will increase.
C. There is little need for additional resource allocation to facilitate implementation of the system.
D. The sophistication of electronic communication systems eliminates the need for backup files and data recovery systems.
In regard to effective negotiation, a win-win attitude is characterized by:
A. Seeking mutual benefit and satisfaction.
B. Cooperative.
C. It promotes support of, and commitment to, the agreement.
D. All of the answers are correct.
Understanding the best alternative to a negotiated agreement (BATNA) helps a negotiator to avoid which of the following? I. Accepting an unfavorable settlement. II. Rejecting a favorable settlement:
A. I only.
B. II only.
C. land II.
D. Neither I nor II.